Ethiopia · Political Capital of Africa
አዲስ አበባ (New Flower)
Ethiopia
5.96 Million (2025)
Central Ethiopia, 2,355m
UTC+3 (EAT)
Addis Ababa, meaning "New Flower" in Amharic, is Ethiopia's capital and the largest city in the world located in a landlocked country. With a 2025 population of nearly 6 million (growing 4.44% annually), it stands at an elevation of 2,355 meters—the fourth highest capital in the world and the highest in Africa. The city has a high human development index and is known for its vibrant culture and thriving arts scene.
Considered the political capital of Africa, Addis Ababa hosts the African Union headquarters and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. This gives the city enormous political and diplomatic significance on the continent. The bustling capital features new infrastructure, thriving businesses, and a modern skyline alongside ancient traditions.
Ethiopia is the country to watch in 2025, with its economy rapidly expanding through investments in renewable energy, industrialization, and a new stock exchange. Major infrastructure projects like the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD)—set to become Africa's largest hydropower producer—and the Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway have enhanced connectivity and development.
Home to the famous fossil "Lucy" (Australopithecus afarensis), one of the oldest and most complete hominid skeletons ever found. The museum chronicles Ethiopia's remarkable archaeological heritage.
Africa's largest open-air market, a sprawling maze of shops selling everything imaginable. This vibrant marketplace offers an authentic immersion into Ethiopian commerce and daily life.
Rising above the city, these eucalyptus-forested hills offer panoramic views of Addis Ababa. The site includes historical palaces and churches from the founding of the capital.
The gleaming headquarters of the African Union symbolizes continental unity and cooperation. The Chinese-built complex represents Africa's growing global importance.
The most important church in Ethiopia, final resting place of Emperor Haile Selassie. Its stunning architecture and historical significance draw visitors from around the world.
Experience the birthplace of coffee with traditional Ethiopian coffee ceremonies. The ritualistic preparation and serving of coffee is an essential part of Ethiopian hospitality.
Addis Ababa is the heart of one of the world's fastest-growing economies. The city hosts international organizations, multinational companies, and a thriving service sector. Tourism is expanding as more shopping centers, restaurants, and attractions are developed. Ethiopia boasts 9 UNESCO World Heritage sites that draw visitors from around the globe.
The city's demographics reflect Ethiopia's diversity—Amhara (47%), Oromo (19.5%), and Gurage (16.3%) are the largest ethnic groups. Amharic is the primary language (71%), though Oromo, Gurage, and Tigrinya are also widely spoken. The vibrant culture includes a strong fashion scene, political engagement among youth, and a thriving arts community.
Addis Ababa was founded in 1886 by Emperor Menelik II and his wife Empress Taytu Betul. The city replaced the former capitals in the Entoto Hills due to its hot springs and more hospitable climate. The name "New Flower" was given by the Empress, inspired by the flourishing vegetation in the area.
Ethiopia is unique in Africa for never being colonized (except for a brief Italian occupation 1936-1941). Addis Ababa served as the capital throughout this history, hosting the founding of the Organization of African Unity in 1963. Today, the city continues to evolve, balancing its ancient heritage with rapid modernization as the political and diplomatic heart of the African continent.
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